Researchers from Harvard University, University of Michigan, and Duke University argue ultra-processed foods resemble cigarettes more than real food.
They say UPFs are engineered to drive addiction and overconsumption, causing widespread health harm.
The study, published in Milbank Quarterly, highlights parallels with tobacco marketing and design.
Researchers urge stricter controls, including marketing limits and industry accountability.
Critics warn comparisons may overreach and say diet quality also matters.
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